Environmental violence in Mexico is escalating, claiming the lives of dozens of land defenders each year — yet the crisis remains dangerously underreported. To understand the roots of this hidden war, we spoke with award-winning journalist, author, and Centre on Armed Groups Fellow, Dr. Anjan Sundaram, whose frontline reporting has spanned war zones from Central Africa to Latin America. Anjan unpacks the nexus between environmental conflict, organised crime, and international business interests — and explains why indigenous communities are increasingly taking up arms to protect ecosystems vital to our planet’s future.

Conflict-ridden and fragile countries are among the most vulnerable to climate change and least prepared to deal with it. They are largely excluded from climate adaptation programmes and funding. This article charts a path forward on how to address climate adaptation in conflict zones.

This paper examines life under jihadist groups like JNIM in Mali, looking at the different survival strategies civilians employ.

This paper examines climate change and armed groups, specifically the failure the address climate adaptation in areas beyond state control.